What aspect does 'leeway' refer to in navigation?

Leeway specifically refers to the sideways movement of a vessel caused by the wind. When wind blows against the side of a vessel, it can push the boat off its intended course, especially in sailing. Understanding leeway is crucial for navigators because it affects how the vessel must be steered to maintain a straight path. By accounting for leeway, a captain can adjust the course to compensate for the wind's influence, ensuring that they arrive at their intended destination accurately.

The other choices focus on different aspects of navigation, such as the effect of currents or the measurement of speed and distance, which do not capture the specific influence of wind on a vessel's movement like leeway does.