Which vessel is considered the give-way vessel when a sailing vessel overtakes another?

When a sailing vessel is overtaking another vessel, the overtaking vessel is designated as the give-way vessel. This is based on the maritime rules of navigation that prioritize the safety and predictability of maneuvers on the water.

In this scenario, the overtaking vessel must take action to avoid collisions by altering its course or speed to allow the stand-on vessel—a vessel that has right of way—to maintain its path. The rationale behind this rule is to prevent confusion and maintain consistent navigation practices; it helps ensure that the vessel being overtaken can proceed without unexpected changes that might lead to a dangerous situation.

The other options do not accurately define the give-way vessel in this context. The stand-on vessel is the one that should keep its course, while the other choices relate to specific conditions of sailing or do not pertain to the rules governing overtaking situations. Understanding this dynamic is crucial for maintaining safety while navigating in close proximity to other vessels.